Keepers of the peace
Richard I appoints first ‘keepers of the peace’.
Justice of the Peace Act
Justice of the Peace Act comes into effect under Edward III and the title ‘Justice of the Peace’ is introduced.
18th century
In the 18th century, magistrates were members of the landed gentry. As the need for a professional police force became apparent, so too did the need for a more diverse and professional magistracy.
First paid magistrate
The first paid professional magistrate is appointed.
Municipal Corporations Act
The Municipal Corporations Act enables boroughs to request the appointment of a paid or ‘stipendiary’ magistrate. Today, magistrates are volunteers who sit in their local communities.
First seven women appointed
Among the first seven women appointed as magistrates is Gertrude Tuckwell, who was involved with early MA training. Together they draw up a list of 172 other women suitable for appointment.
The 172 women are appointed to the magistracy in July 1920. After this, appointment was usually done by committees.
MA founded
Alderman Wilkins, a magistrate for Derby, proposes to establish an association of magistrates.
The Magistrates’ Court Act
The Magistrates' Court Act attempts to consolidate the jurisdiction, practice and procedures of the magistrates’ court.
Retirement age changes
The retirement age for magistrates is increased from 70 to 75.